Stem Cell
 Stem cells are undifferentiated cells that can remain with the capacity develop into specialized cell types. Specific triggers are needed for a stem cell to develop into a cell type with specific functions in the body; otherwise the stem cell maintains itself in a state of long-term self renewal via mitotic division. Due to these unique properties of differentiation and rejuvenation, stem cells are being evaluated for use in cell-based therapies for diseases such as cancer, and neurodegenerative and muscular diseases.
Pressing questions in this rapidly evolving field concern the internal and external signals for cell differentiation and the specificity of such signals for differentiation into particular cell types A host of molecular markers have been identified to characterize various stem cell populations. The expression in space and time of specific markers can be used to classify stem cells as either embryonic, hematopoietic, mesenchymal, or neural. Looking forward, the revolution in stem cell research is identifying hundreds of other genes that either play a critical role in stem cell biology, or are uniquely impacted within the stem cell environment. For a complete listing of Abgent stem cell antibodies, please visit our Stem Cell product page.
Embryonic Stem Cell Markers |
|
| Catalog # |
Target |
Description |
| ABCG2 |
AP1490b |
In addition to its well-defined role as a marker for primitive hemotopoeitic cells, the membrane associated xenobiotic transporter ABCG2 has emerged as a functional participant in developmental stem cell biology.1 |
| Alkaline Phosphatase |
AP1480c |
ALPL is highly expressed in undifferentiated human embryonic stem cells, embryonic carcinoma cells, and embryonic germ cells. |
| E-Cadherin |
AP1477a |
A calcium dependent cell-cell adhesion glycoprotein, E-cadherin protein appears to stabilize cortical actin cytoskeletal arrangement in embryonic stem cells.2 |
| CD9 |
AP1482d |
CD9 is a member of the transmembrane 4 superfamily, a class of proteins that mediate signal transduction events that regulate cell development, activation, growth and motility. CD9 Is associated with Leukemia Inhibitory Factor-mediated maintenance of embryonic stem cells.3 |
| Cripto (TDGF1) |
AP2047b |
CRIPTO transcripts are detected only in undifferentiated cells and disappear after cell differentiation induced by retinoic acid treatment. The EGF-CFC (Cripto, Frl1, and Cryptic) gene family has an important role in vertebrate development. CRIPTO plays a key role in regulating differentiation of embryonic stem cells.4 |
| FGF4 |
AP8149b |
FGF4 is a member of the fibroblast growth factor (FGF) family. FGF family members possess broad mitogenic and cell survival activities and are involved in a variety of biological processes including embryonic development, cell growth, morphogenesis, tissue repair, tumor growth and invasion. FGF4 isoforms have demonstrated a regulating effect upon embryonic stem cell renewal.5 |
| GDF3 |
AP2066a |
GDF3 is a member of the bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) family and the TGF-beta superfamily. In GDF3 is specifically expressed in pluripotent cells, and has been shown to guide stem cell fate by regulate both the abiity to maintain a state of self-renewal and to differentiate into a wide range of cell types.6 |
| LEFTY |
AP2049a |
LEFTY proteins are members of the TGF-beta family of proteins. They are secreted and play a role in left-right asymmetry determination of organ systems during development. LEFTY appear to be expressed by a subpopulation of embryonic stem cells noncongruent with the population distinguished by OCT4 expression.7 |
| LIN28 |
AP1485a |
LIN28 is one of four factors, (others being the well-known ESC markers OCT4, SOX2, and NANOG), that are in concert sufficient to reprogram human somatic cells to pluripotent stem cells featuring the essential characteristics of embryonic stem cells. 8 |
| NANOG |
AP1486a |
NANOG is a transcription regulator involved in inner cell mass and embryonic stem (ES) cell proliferation and self-renewal. It imposes pluripotency on ES cells and prevents their differentiation towards extraembryonic endoderm and trophectoderm lineages.9 |
| OCT-3/4 |
AP2046a |
Transcription factors containing the POU homeodomain have been shown to be important regulators of tissue-specific gene expression in lymphoid and pituitary differentiation and in early mammalian development. Oct-3/4 is regarded as a master regulator of pluripotency that controls lineage commitment.10 |
| REX-1 |
AP2051b |
REX-1 is a zinc finger protein originally identified as a regulator of transcriptional events during hemopoietic development. It is a pluripotency marker regulated by NANOG and SOX2.11 |
| UTF1 |
AP1411c |
UTF1 is a transcriptional coactivator expressed mainly in pluripotent embryonic stem cells.12 |
|
Complete List of Stem Cell Antibodies >
References
- Stem Cells. 2002; 20(1):11-20.
- Mol Biol Cell. 2007; 18(8):2838-51.
- Mol Biol Cell. 2002; 13(4):1274-81.
- Methods Mol. Bio. 2006; 329:151-69.
- Stem Cells. 2008; 26(3):767-74.
- Development. 2006; 133(2):209-16.
- Stem Cells. 2007; 25(2):465-72.
- Science. 2007; 318(5858):1917-20.
- Nat Genet. 2006; 38(4):431-40.
- Nat Genet. 2006 Apr; 38(4):431-40.
- J Biol Chem. 2006; 281(33):23319-25.
- J Cell Biol. 2007; 178(6):913-24.
|
