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TLR4 Antibody (C-Terminus)

Rabbit Polyclonal Antibody

     
  • IHC - TLR4 Antibody (C-Terminus) ALS13573
    Anti-TLR4 antibody IHC of human neutrophils.
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  • SPECIFICATION
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Product Information
Application
  • Applications Legend:
  • WB=Western Blot
  • IHC=Immunohistochemistry
  • IHC-P=Immunohistochemistry (Paraffin-embedded Sections)
  • IHC-F=Immunohistochemistry (Frozen Sections)
  • IF=Immunofluorescence
  • FC=Flow Cytopmetry
  • IC=Immunochemistry
  • ICC=Immunocytochemistry
  • E=ELISA
  • IP=Immunoprecipitation
  • DB=Dot Blot
  • CHIP=Chromatin Immunoprecipitation
  • FA=Fluorescence Assay
  • IEM=Immunoelectronmicroscopy
  • EIA=Enzyme Immunoassay
IHC-P
Primary Accession O00206
Reactivity Human
Host Rabbit
Clonality Polyclonal
Calculated MW 96kDa
Dilution IHC-P (5 µg/ml)
Additional Information
Gene ID 7099
Other Names Toll-like receptor 4, hToll, CD284, TLR4
Reconstitution & Storage Short term 4°C, long term aliquot and store at -20°C, avoid freeze thaw cycles. Store undiluted.
PrecautionsTLR4 Antibody (C-Terminus) is for research use only and not for use in diagnostic or therapeutic procedures.
Protein Information
Name TLR4
Function Transmembrane receptor that functions as a pattern recognition receptor recognizing pathogen- and damage-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs and DAMPs) to induce innate immune responses via downstream signaling pathways (PubMed:16622205, PubMed:10835634, PubMed:15809303, PubMed:17478729, PubMed:20037584, PubMed:20711192, PubMed:23880187, PubMed:27022195, PubMed:17292937, PubMed:29038465). At the plasma membrane, cooperates with LY96 to mediate the innate immune response to bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS) (PubMed:27022195). Also involved in LPS-independent inflammatory responses triggered by free fatty acids, such as palmitate, and Ni(2+) (PubMed:20711192). Mechanistically, acts via MYD88, TIRAP and TRAF6, leading to NF-kappa-B activation, cytokine secretion and the inflammatory response (PubMed:9237759, PubMed:10835634, PubMed:27022195, PubMed:21393102). Alternatively, CD14-mediated TLR4 internalization via endocytosis is associated with the initiation of a MYD88-independent signaling via the TICAM1-TBK1-IRF3 axis leading to type I interferon production (PubMed:14517278). In addition to the secretion of proinflammatory cytokines, initiates the activation of NLRP3 inflammasome and formation of a positive feedback loop between autophagy and NF-kappa-B signaling cascade (PubMed:32894580). In complex with TLR6, promotes inflammation in monocytes/macrophages by associating with TLR6 and the receptor CD86 (PubMed:23880187). Upon ligand binding, such as oxLDL or amyloid-beta 42, the TLR4:TLR6 complex is internalized and triggers inflammatory response, leading to NF-kappa-B-dependent production of CXCL1, CXCL2 and CCL9 cytokines, via MYD88 signaling pathway, and CCL5 cytokine, via TICAM1 signaling pathway (PubMed:23880187). In myeloid dendritic cells, vesicular stomatitis virus glycoprotein G but not LPS promotes the activation of IRF7, leading to type I IFN production in a CD14- dependent manner (PubMed:23880187, PubMed:15265881). Required for the migration-promoting effects of ZG16B/PAUF on pancreatic cancer cells.
Cellular Location Cell membrane; Single-pass type I membrane protein. Early endosome. Cell projection, ruffle {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:Q9QUK6}. Note=Upon complex formation with CD36 and TLR6, internalized through dynamin-dependent endocytosis (PubMed:20037584). Colocalizes with RFTN1 at cell membrane and then together with RFTN1 moves to endosomes, upon lipopolysaccharide stimulation. Co-localizes with ZG16B/PAUF at the cell membrane of pancreatic cancer cells (PubMed:36232715)
Tissue Location Highly expressed in placenta, spleen and peripheral blood leukocytes (PubMed:9435236, PubMed:9237759). Detected in monocytes, macrophages, dendritic cells and several types of T-cells (PubMed:9237759, PubMed:27022195). Expressed in pancreatic cancer cells but not in normal pancreatic cells (at protein level) (PubMed:36232715).
Research Areas
Citations (0)
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Background

Cooperates with LY96 and CD14 to mediate the innate immune response to bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Acts via MYD88, TIRAP and TRAF6, leading to NF-kappa-B activation, cytokine secretion and the inflammatory response. Also involved in LPS- independent inflammatory responses triggered by free fatty acids, such as palmitate, and Ni(2+). Responses triggered by Ni(2+) require non-conserved histidines and are, therefore, species- specific. In complex with TLR6, promotes sterile inflammation in monocytes/macrophages in response to oxidized low-density lipoprotein (oxLDL) or amyloid-beta 42. In this context, the initial signal is provided by oxLDL- or amyloid-beta 42-binding to CD36. This event induces the formation of a heterodimer of TLR4 and TLR6, which is rapidly internalized and triggers inflammatory response, leading to the NF-kappa-B-dependent production of CXCL1, CXCL2 and CCL9 cytokines, via MYD88 signaling pathway, and CCL5 cytokine, via TICAM1 signaling pathway, as well as IL1B secretion.

References

Medzhitov R.,et al.Nature 388:394-397(1997).
Rock F.L.,et al.Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 95:588-593(1998).
Smirnova I.,et al.Genome Biol. 1:RESEARCH002.1-RESEARCH002.10(2000).
Arbour N.C.,et al.Nat. Genet. 25:187-191(2000).
Nakajima T.,et al.Immunogenetics 60:727-735(2008).

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$ 467.50
Cat# ALS13573
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