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Background
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In vertebrates there are four major glucose-phosphorylating isoenzymes, designated hexokinase I, II, III, and IV. Hexokinase is an allosteric enzyme inhibited by its product GLC-6-P. Hexokinase activity is involved in the first step in several metabolic pathways. HK3 is bound to the outer mitochondrial membrane. Its hydrophobic N-terminal sequence may be involved in membrane bindng. It is the predominant hexokinase isozyme expressed in insuline-responsive tissues such as skeletal muscle. The N- and C-terminal halves of this hexokinase show extensive sequence similarity to each other. The catalytic activity is associated with the C-terminus while regulatory function is associated wiht the N-terminus. Although found in NIDDM patients, genetic variations of HK2 do not contribute to the disease.
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Background
References
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- Lehto, M., et al., Diabetologia 38(12):1466-1474 (1995).
- Vidal-Puig, A., et al., Diabetes 44(3):340-346 (1995).
- Laakso, M., et al., Diabetes 44(3):330-334 (1995).
- Echwald, S.M., et al., Diabetes 44(3):347-353 (1995).
- Shinohara, Y., et al., Cancer Lett. 82(1):27-32 (1994).
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